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Enhancing the Role of SMEs in the Arab WorldSome Key Considerations

Author/Editor: Vahram Stepanyan, Gohar Abajyan, Anta Ndoye, Marwa Alnasaa.

Release Date:December, 2019

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are a cornerstone of Arab economies, accounting for over 90 percent of all businesses and providing a major source of new job creation. Governments across more...



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Opportunity for All : Promoting Growth and Inclusiveness in the Middle East and North Africa

Author/Editor: Catriona Purfield, Harald Finger, Karen Ongley, Benedicte Baduel, Carolina Castellanos, Gaelle Pierre, Vahram Stepanyan, Erik Roos.

Release Date:July, 2018

This publication brings together a set of IMF papers that prepared as backgrounds for the various sessions of the conference and will help put into broader dissemination channels the results of this more...



Price: $20.00
Determinants of Bank Credit in Emerging Market Economies

Author/Editor: Vahram Stepanyan, Kai Guo.

Release Date:March, 2011

We examine changes in bank credit across a wide range of emerging market economies during the last decade. The rich time-series and cross-section information allows us to draw broader lessons more...



Price: $18.00
House Price Determinants in Selected Countries of the Former Soviet Union

Author/Editor: Vahram Stepanyan, Tigran Poghosyan, Aidyn Bibolov.

Release Date:April, 2010

This paper analyses the recent boom-bust cycle in the housing markets of selected Former Soviet Union (FSU) countries. The analysis is based on a newly constructed database on house prices in the FSU more...



Price: $18.00
In Search of a Dramatic Equilibrium : Was the Armenian Dram Overvalued?

Author/Editor: Nienke Oomes, Vahram Stepanyan, Gohar Minasyan, Ara Stepanyan.

Release Date:March, 2009

This papers estimates the equilibrium exchange rate for Armenia using three different approaches: the purchasing power parity (PPP) approach, the behavioral equilibrium exchange rate (BEER) approach, more...



Price: $18.00
Reforming Tax Systems : Experience of the Baltics, Russia, and Other Countries of the Former Soviet Union

Author/Editor: Vahram Stepanyan.

Release Date:September, 2003

Starting in the early 1990s, the Baltics, Russia, and other (BRO) countries of the former Soviet Union initiated tax reforms that varied widely at the later stages. Recently, some of the BRO more...



Price: $15.00