Author/Editor: Nathaniel G Arnold, Ravi Balakrishnan, Bergljot B Barkbu, Hamid R Davoodi, Andresa Lagerborg, Waikei R Lam, Paulo A Medas, Julia Otten, Louise Rabier, Christiane Roehler, Asghar Shahmoradi, Mariano Spector, Sebastian Weber, Jeromin Zettelmeyer.

Release Date:September, 2022

The EU's fiscal framework needs reform. While existing fiscal rules have had some impact in constraining deficits, they did not prevent deficits and debt ratios that have threatened the stability of more...

Author/Editor: Oya Celasun, Niels-Jakob H Hansen, Aiko Mineshima, Mariano Spector, Jing Zhou.

Release Date:February, 2022

Supply constraints hurt the economic recovery and boosted inflation in 2021. We find that in the euro area, manufacturing output and GDP would have been about 6 and 2 percent higher, respectively, more...