Author/Editor: Koshy Mathai, Christoph Duenwald, Anastasia Guscina, Rayah Al-Farah, Hatim Bukhari, Atif Chaudry, Moataz El-Said, Fozan Fareed, Kerstin Gerling, Nghia-Piotr Le, Franto Ricka, Cesar Serra, Tetyana Sydorenko, Sébastien Walker, Mohammed Zaher.

Release Date:September, 2020

This paper examines the role of social spending in improving socioeconomic outcomes in the Middle East and Central Asia. In particular, it addresses the following questions: (1) how large is social more...

Author/Editor: Natalia T Tamirisa, Christoph Duenwald.

Release Date:January, 2018

Analysis of policies for managing public sector wage bills in the Middle East and Central Asia region. While some work has been done recently at the Fund on issues related to government employment more...

Author/Editor: Christoph Duenwald, Nikolay Gueorguiev, Andrea Schaechter.

Release Date:June, 2005

Rapid credit growth in Bulgaria, Romania, and Ukraine has been driven by successful macroeconomic stabilization, robust growth, and capital inflows. While financial deepening is both expected and more...

Author/Editor: Jahangir Aziz, Christoph Duenwald.

Release Date:November, 2002

This paper studies the relationship between economic growth and financial development in China during the post-1978 reform period. Recent studies, based on cross-country data, have found a positive more...

Author/Editor: Jahangir Aziz, Christoph Duenwald.

Release Date:January, 2001

China's rapid overall growth since 1978 masks significant differences in relative economic performance across its provinces. This paper finds that, while per capita income of poor provinces are more...