 | Policy Priorities for More Efficient Capital Allocation, Labor Absorption, and Higher Productivity: Cambodia : Cambodia Release Date:October, 2026 Cambodia approaches LDC graduation with real strengths: sustained foreign investment, deep export integration, and a young workforce. These advantages give Cambodia a strong foundation for the more...
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 | Financing Cambodia's Progress Toward the Sustainable Development Goals Release Date:October, 2026 Cambodia faces substantial additional spending needs—estimated at about 9.3 percent of GDP annually—to advance selected SDGs in health, education, and infrastructure. The analysis shows that no more...
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 | Fiscal Risks from Electricity Sector Policy in Eswatini Release Date:October, 2026 Given the importance of electricity supply for economic growth and private sector development, this paper assesses the electricity sector's sustainability and fiscal risks potentially arising from more...
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 | Monetary Policy Transmission Through Banking: Evidence from Eswatini : Evidence from Eswatini Release Date:October, 2026 This paper examines monetary policy transmission to bank lending and deposit rates in Eswatini under a pegged exchange rate regime. Using local projections, it finds that pass-through is driven more...
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 | Structural Unemployment in Lithuania Release Date:October, 2026 Lithuania's unemployment rate has remained around 7 percent since 2018 despite strong growth and rising job vacancies. This paper identifies three structural factors: (i) skills mismatches, (ii) more...
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 | Financing Constraints and Growth Challenges of Lithuanian SMEs Release Date:October, 2026 Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) play a central role in Lithuania's economy but face persistent challenges that constrain investment, productivity, and firm growth. Limited access to more...
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 | Corporate Income Tax Regimes and Firm Investment Release Date:September, 2026 This paper assesses the effects of distributed-profit tax regimes on firm investment, focusing on Estonia's 2000 reform and Latvia's 2018 reform. Using firm-level ORBIS data and a more...
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 | Estonia's Energy Transition: Expanding Domestic Generation and Electricity Market Integration : Expanding Domestic Generation and Electricity Market Integration Release Date:September, 2026 Estonia's energy transition, driven by the rapid decline of oil shale generation, faces a trilemma between security, affordability, and decarbonization. Using a structural general-equilibrium more...
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 | Drivers and Sustainability of Credit Growth in Paraguay Release Date:September, 2026 Paraguay's financial system is bank dominated and currently liquid, profitable, and well capitalized. Credit growth has been strong in recent years—outpacing regional peers—in the context of robust more...
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 | From Informality to Formalization: The Role of Fiscal and Structural Policies in Paraguay : The Role of Fiscal and Structural Policies in Paraguay Release Date:September, 2026 Despite recent improvements, Paraguay's high labor informality constrains productivity, revenue mobilization, and inclusive growth. This paper examines the drivers of informality and evaluates policy more...
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